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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#X-CLASS #SOLAR #FLARE: Active sunspot AR3878 erupted again on Oct. 31st (2120 UTC), producing an X2-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured a spray of hot plasma emerging from the blast site:

X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C5 0810 UT Nov01
24-hr: #X1 2120 UT Oct31

A pulse of extreme ultraviolet radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a shortwave radio blackout over the Pacific Ocean. Ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal below 25 MHz for as much as 45 minutes after the flare.

We don't yet know if the explosion produced a CME. Initial guess: No.

https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#X-CLASS #SOLAR #FLARE: Emerging #sunspot AR3869 erupted this morning (Oct. 24th @ 0357 UTC), producing a slow X3.3-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the hour-long flash:
X-ray Solar #Flares
6-hr max: X3 0357 UT Oct24
24-hr: X3 0357 UT Oct24

Extreme #ultraviolet #radiation from the flare ionized the top of #Earth's atmosphere. This, in turn, caused a shortwave radio blackout over Australia and Southeast Asia. Ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 30 MHz for as much as an hour after the flare.

This explosion almost certainly produced a #CME. The US Air Force is reporting a Type II solar radio burst, a natural signal that comes from shockwaves at the leading edge of CMEs. Characteristics of the burst suggest a CME traveling 1.3 million mph.

https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#X-CLASS SOLAR #FLARE: #Sunspot AR3848 was directly facing #Earth this morning, Oct. 8th (0156 UTC), when it unleashed a powerful X1.8-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the extreme #ultraviolet #flash:

This explosions lasted more than 4 hours, so long that it lifted a massive CME out of the #sun's atmosphere. Take a look at these preliminary coronagraph images from NASA's STEREO-A spacecraft. This #CME will certainly hit Earth later this week, potentially sparking a new round of geomagnetic storms.

#X-ray #Solar #Flares
6-hr max: C8 0730 UT Oct09
24-hr: X1 0156 UT Oct09
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 1255 UT

https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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HE STRONGEST #FLARE YET: Sunspot AR3842 exploded again today, producing the strongest #solarflare of Solar Cycle 25 so far. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the #X9.1-category blast:

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#Radiation from the flare ionized the top of #Earth's atmosphere and caused a deep shortwave blackout over Africa and the South Atlantic. Ham radio operators in the area may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 30 MHz for as much as a half an hour after 12:18 UTC.

Of greater interest is the #CME. Preliminary SOHO coronagraph images show a halo CME emerging from the blast site. This CME will probably strike Earth on Oct. 6th, adding its effect to that of an earlier CME expected to arrive on Oct. 4th. #Auroras are therefore likely this weekend.
#X-ray #SolarFlares
6-hr max: #X8 1218 UT Oct03
24-hr: X8 1218 UT Oct03

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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POSSIBLE EARTH-DIRECTED EXPLOSION: Surprising forecasters, who thought sunspot AR3835 was too stable to explode, #sunspot AR3834 exploded on Sept. 22nd (2139 UTC). The M3.4-class #flare hurled a massive plume of #plasma into space:

Debris from the blast entrained even more plasma on its way out of the sun's atmosphere, forming a partial halo CME. The bulk of the #CME will miss Earth, but its flank will deliver a glancing blow to our planet on Sept. 25th,

https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#X-CLASS #SOLAR #FLARE: Sunspot AR3738 erupted on July 14th (0235 UT), producing an X1.2-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the extreme ultraviolet flash:

Radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a shortwave radio blackout over Australia, southeast Asia and Japan. Mariners and ham radio operators in the area may have noticed a 30-minute loss of signal at all frequencies below 25 MHz.

So far, no CMEs have been detected in available coronagraph imagery. The explosion might not have lasted long enough to lift a CME out of the sun's atmosphere.
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: M1 1020 UT Jul14
24-hr: X1 0234 UT Jul14
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 1255 UT

https://spaceweather.com/

ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#X-ray #SolarFlares
6-hr max: #X8 1651 UT May14
STRONGEST #SOLAR #FLARE OF THE CURRENT CYCLE: #Sunspot AR3664 just unleashed the strongest #solarflare of the current solar cycle--an #X8.7-category blast from beyond the sun's western limb. #X marks the spot in this image of the flare from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory:

Because the sunspot is behind the edge of the solar disk, the flare was partially eclipsed. It was probably even stronger than it appeared. "X8.7" is almost certainly an underestimate of the flare's true strength.

Extreme ultraviolet radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Americas. Ham radio operators, aviators and mariners may have noticed a sudden loss of signal at all frequencies below 30 MHz.

Subatomic debris from this event might soon reach Earth, guided toward our planet by the Parker Spiral

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nowisthetime@pod.automat.click
nowisthetime

Major Network Outages | #Solar #Flare Impact?

Source: https://youtube.com/watch?v=Y6NyZKb51Gk
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THREE #X-FLARES, ZERO CMES: Giant sunspot AR3590 is living up to the hype. In only 23 hours spanning Feb. 21-22, the active region unleashed three powerful X-class solar flares (X1.8, X1.7 and X6.3). The X6.3 flare is the strongest of Solar Cycle 25, so far, and the most powerful flare since the great solar storms of Sept. 2017.

The ultraviolet afterglow of yesterday's X6.3-class solar flare. Credit: NASA/SDO

Extreme ultraviolet radiation from each flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing shortwave radio blackouts over Hawaii (late on Feb 21st), Australia (early on Feb. 22nd), and Hawaii again (late on Feb. 22nd). Mariners and ham radio operators in those areas may have noticed loss of signal at all frequencies below 30 MHz.

You might think all these flares would have hurled at least one CME toward Earth. In fact, the number is zero. SOHO coronagraphs have not detected any CMEs emerging from the blast zone. Sometimes this happens. Flares can occur without CMEs, and CMEs can occur without flares.

Disappointed aurora watchers shouldn't give up hope, though; AR3590 isn't finished.

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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#SOLAR #FLARE AND RADIATION STORM: Departing sunspot AR3559 erupted Monday morning, Jan 29th (0438 UT), producing a strong M6.8-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the exteme #ultraviolet flash:

This flare is going to affect #Earth in several ways. It has already caused a shortwave radio blackout over Australia: blackout map. Ham radio operators and mariners may have experienced loss of signal at frequencies below 30 MHz for as much as an hour after the flare.

Next, it is almost certanly going to cause a radiation storm. Sunspot AR3559 is well-connected to Earth. This may seem counterintuitive, because the sunspot is not directly facing us. However, when sunspots are near the sun's western limb, they can link to our planet magnetically. Take a look at this diagram, and you'll understand why. It's called "the Parker Spiral." Protons energized by the flare are now following the Parker Spiral toward Earth. Within hours, an S1-class (or stronger) radiation storm may be underway.
https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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NEW SOURCE OF FLARES: Suddenly, AR3445 is crackling with activity. The mixed-polarity sunspot has produced multiple #M-class #flares this weekend, including this M4-category explosion on Sept.24th (0328 UT):

A flash of extreme #ultraviolet #radiation from the #flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a shortwave radio blackout over #Australia: map. Mariners and ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 25 MHz for as much as 30 minutes after the flare.

This flare might have lasted long enough to lift a #CME out of the sun's atmosphere.
https://spaceweather.com/

ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

#Earth is dodging some big solar storms. For the second time in 3 days, departing sunspot AR3386 unleashed a powerful X1-class #solar #flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the extreme #ultraviolet flash on Aug. 7th at ~2100 UT:

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Radiation from the flare caused a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Pacific Ocean (map), and a magnificent CME has emerged from the blast site
X1 2046 UT Aug07
https://spaceweather.com/

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ramnath@nerdpol.ch
ramnath

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Big #sunspot AR3363 just produced a significant #solar #flare, a long-duration M6-class event during the early hours of July 18th. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the blast near the sun's southwestern limb:

Energetic protons accelerated by the flare have reached Earth and are now peppering the top of our planet's atmosphere. This is called a "radiation storm." According to data from NOAA's GOES-16 satellite, it is a category S2 event.

Although the explosion was not X-class, it was more powerful than many X-flares would be. Why? Because it lasted so long. The flare's X-ray output was above M5 for more than an hour and above M1 for nearly 4 hours. It had plenty of time to lift a substantial CME out of the sun's atmosphere.

https://spaceweather.com/

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