Tung Jai Ork Baab stacks shipping containers to create holiday home in Thailand

A cluster of shipping containers sheltered by a steep metal roof defines a series of indoor and outdoor spaces at this home in Thailand, designed by architecture studio Tung Jai Ork Baab.

The Container Cabin is part of a wider project by the studio called OOST Campville, transforming a former paddy field on a floodplain in Nakhon Nayok into a place to "get away from city life" with rentable accommodation, orchards and playgrounds.

The Container Cabin features an oversized A-frame roof

With poor availability of both materials and construction workers in the area, the studio decided to re-use shipping containers to create prefabricated spaces that could then be brought onsite and assembled.

In order to mitigate flooding, a small reservoir was dug out to create a raised area for the Container Cabin, which overlooks this new area of water atop a long, thin concrete base, split into two around a central communal space.

It is located on a paddy field on a floodplain

"The key idea was to create an outdoor getaway destination, with a connection between the outdoor and indoor space used to create the spatial configuration of the house," explained the practice.

To the west, a stack of containers contains the living spaces and bedrooms of the home, while to the east a single container housing an additional bedroom overlooks a swimming pool surrounded by decking that overlooks the reservoir.

Both indoor and outdoor spaces define the holiday home

Due to high heat transfer through the containers' metal walls, the living spaces are sheltered by an oversized A-frame roof, which creates a series of "in-between" terraces and balconies around and atop the cabins.

In the centre of the main living area, the stacking of cabins creates a void below, where raised wooden decking has been used to create a shaded terrace signalled by a horizontal metal canopy protruding from the roof.

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"Part of the A-frame roof is the steel plate louvres, that can protect from rain and sunlight but still let the wind flow through the whole house," said the studio.

Inside, containers have been merged along both their short and long edges to create a varied of wider and longer spaces, with areas of their walls replaced by full-height windows and sliding doors.

Tung Jai Ork Baab painted the containers' insides white

Original container doors and some of the cut-away wall sections have been repurposed as shutters, providing further shading or privacy to the interiors.

The metal surface of the containers has been left uncovered, painted white internally and grey externally to match the A-frame roof structure.

The dwelling is part of a wider project by the studio called OOST Campville

Other homes created using shipping containers include a portable home in Poland by Wiercinski Studio, and a home on the outskirts of Stockholm created using eight stacked, elevated containers by Swedish architect Måns Tham.

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Måns Tham stacks shipping containers to create Swedish house

Swedish architect Måns Tham has created a house on the outskirts of Stockholm using eight standard shipping containers that are stacked and elevated on metal pillars.

The dwelling, appropriately named Container House, was designed by Tham for a couple who wanted to self-build a home from the containers that are typically used to transport goods around the world.

Måns Tham used shipping containers to create this house in Stockholm

The husband of the couple works for a demolition firm and is a keen mechanic interested in customised American cars. This informed an architectural approach focused on reuse and alteration, which enabled the project to be largely self-built.

As there was insufficient space on the steep lot to create a slab, the building is raised above the ground on steel pillars.

A total of eight containers have been used. Photo is by Thomas Jacobsson

The house comprises eight containers with a standard width of 2.4 metres. These units are stacked to create three levels of living spaces for the couple and their three children.

Walls between containers were carefully removed to maximise the living spaces while preserving the structural performance of the units.

It is elevated above ground on metal poles

"A shipping container is actually not a great starting point for a home because of its limited width," explained Tham.

"We had to put a lot of effort into deciding which walls to cut and which to save so that we could use the containers with as little additional structure as possible," the architect continued.

Large windows frame the surroundings

The containers are positioned in response to the site's topography, which enabled the upper storey to span a larger area and accommodate the main living spaces.

Rainwater pouring down the steeply sloping hillside passes underneath the building and the adjoining eight-metre steel-truss bridge to the adjacent pine forest.

A bridge connects the house to the adjacent forest

An entrance on the house's lower level leads into a space containing a den and guest bedroom. A laundry room and main bathroom at the rear of the building incorporate a large window that looks directly onto the rocky site.

Stairs ascend to the upper level that houses the main living area, alongside a terrace that is positioned to make the most of the evening sunlight. Bedrooms at the back of this floor look onto the forest.

A mezzanine lookout sits above the living space

A single container above the living space provides a mezzanine lookout where the children can find some privacy.

This container also functions as a lightwell, allowing daylight to reach the north-facing living room. A steel staircase with open treads and a balustrade made from netting help to maximise the amount of light that passes through.

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Many of the materials and fixtures used throughout the interiors were salvaged from demolition sites around Stockholm. Timber planks, metal panels, staircases and parts of discarded kitchens were incorporated after slight modifications.

Tham was required to develop inventive solutions for details such as the railings, chimneys and guttering in order to satisfy Sweden's strict building codes while retaining the house's cohesive aesthetic.

The main bathroom looks directly onto the rocky site

"There is a point where the stacked containers, with everything that is added and modified, cease to be containers and instead become an assembled building fixed in a landscape," the architect concluded.

"This point interested me and guided me through many design challenges with the house."

Repurposing shipping containers to create buildings is a popular trend in architecture. Elsewhere, Polish practice Wiercinski Studio recently converted two containers into a portable house, while Fenwick Iribarren Architects used them to create a demountable stadium in Qatar.

The photography is byStaffan Andersson unless stated.

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Project credits:

Chief architect: Måns Tham

Collaborators: Julia Moore, Erik Lundquist

Structural engineer: Egil Bartos, Ramboll

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Demountable stadium built with shipping containers reaches completion in Qatar

Colourful shipping containers and a modular steel structure make up Stadium 974, which Fenwick Iribarren Architects has completed in Qatar ahead of the FIFA 2022 World Cup.

Formerly known as Ras Abu Aboud, the 40,000-seat sports venue near Doha's port is the first stadium designed to be fully demountable in FIFA World Cup history.

Fenwick Iribarren Architects has completed Stadium 974 in Doha

Stadium 974 was designed by Spanish studio Fenwick Iribarren Architects with structural engineers Schlaich Bergermann Partner and engineering consultancy Hilson Moran.

Its modular structure combines repurposed shipping containers and a steel structure, parts of which are recycled.

It is constructed partly from shipping containers

The aim is for the stadium to be dismantled and reassembled in a new location after the football tournament in 2022, or repurposed as a series of smaller venues.

Its modular design also reduced constructions costs, build time and material waste, and organisers said water efficiency methods ensure it will reduce water use by 40 per cent compared to a conventional stadium development.

The containers used are brightly coloured

Stadium 974 is named after the number of shipping containers used for its construction. The number 974 is also the country's international dialling code.

The shipping containers, many of which were used to transport construction materials to the venue, serve as a nod to Qatar's maritime history and the industrial heritage of the site.

It accommodates 40,000 spectators

While forming portions of the stadium's exterior, some of these steel containers contain staircases, concession stands and bathrooms.

According to the Supreme Committee for the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 (SC), Stadium 974 has been designed by Fenwick Iribarren Architects to achieve the five-star certification in the Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS) for both its construction and design.

The stadium is designed to be naturally ventilated

GSAS rates green building and infrastructure across the Middle East and North Africa. Certification is available for the design, construction and operations of a structure, with six stars being the highest achievable rating.

The shape of the stadium and gaps between the seats facilitate natural ventilation, meaning artificial cooling is not required. This is helped by the stadium's proximity to the sea.

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The SC hopes also hopes the project will serve as "an innovative blueprint" for more sustainable stadium designs for future largescale events.

"The striking Stadium 974 is a proud symbol of sustainability and innovation," said SC chairman and engineer Yasir Al Jamal.

"We consider this innovative venue a game-changer for future mega-event hosts," added the SC's secretary-general ​​Hassan Al Thawadi.

Shipping containers are used as concession stands inside

The stadium will host its first match on 30 November. Other recently completed stadiums for the tournament include the Al Thumama Stadium by Ibrahim M Jaidah and the Education City Stadium that Fenwick Iribarren Architects also designed.

Stadium 974 is the only stadium positioned close to the sea and will also be the first stadium that football fans will see upon arriving in Qatar for the tournament, due to its proximity to Hamad International Airport.

A total of 974 shipping containers have been used

Elsewhere, recent architecture projects that have made use of repurposed shipping containers include a housing complex for the homeless in LA and a black holiday house in New York.

Other reversible buildings featured on Dezeen include Triodos Bank, a timber-framed office nestled in Dutch woodland, and the egg-shaped Tij Observatory in the Netherlands.

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Shipping containers used to build LA housing complex for the homeless

American firms NAC Architecture and Bernards have used shipping containers to form private apartments in a Los Angeles facility for people experiencing homelessness.

The Hilda L Solis Care First Village – formerly known as the Vignes Street Interim Housing Project – is located on a 4.2-acre (1.7-hectare) site in Downtown Los Angeles. The complex is named after Hilda L Solis, who chairs the LA County Board of Supervisors.

The Hilda L Solis Care First Village is located close to Downtown Los Angeles

The facility was created by NAC Architecture, which has several offices in the US, and California-based Bernards, a builder and construction management company. The firms worked in collaboration with LA County's Department of Public Works.

Owned by the county, the site formerly held a parking lot and was slated to become a staging area for the construction of a new jail.

The complex comprises three-storey buildings created by stacking shipping containers

In 2019, plans shifted, as officials began to explore options for using the site for homeless housing. Reports estimate there are at least 60,000 people in the LA area who are experiencing homelessness.

When the coronavirus pandemic struck last year, the county moved forward with the housing plans.

"With the unhoused population growing and increasingly at risk during Covid-19, the need was immediate," the team said. "Schedule became a critical driver."

For the irregularly shaped site, the team conceived a series of single-level structures and a pair of multilevel buildings. Three different modular components were used: repurposed shipping containers, wood-framed prefabricated units, and mobile units.

Prefabricated modules and mobile units were also used to construct the housing project

The modular elements, which could be built off-site, helped speed up the project.

"Design, permitting, and construction of the project was aggressively accelerated to meet the heightened need for people living on Los Angeles' streets in the midst of a pandemic," said NAC Architecture.

Parking spots for residents and staff are included as part of the complex

Encompassing 64,000 square feet (5,946 square metres), the facility was completed in six months. It offers 232 housing units, along with a common building that holds a commercial kitchen, dining area, laundry facilities and administrative spaces.

The site also has landscaped courtyards, a dog park, and parking spots for staff and residents.

The facility features a commercial kitchen

The three-storey buildings are formed by the steel shipping crates, which are stacked atop each other.

"The shipping containers are stacked, fixed in place, and use an attached structure of open corridors and stairs to facilitate access to each unit," said NAC Architecture.

Yellow and orange define the shipping containers

The buildings are painted white and bright shades of yellow and orange.

To make the cargo containers suitable for habitation, the team cut large windows in them and fully insulated the walls and ceiling. Each container holds two living units measuring 135 square feet (12.5 square metres).

Apartments are equipped with a bed, microwave, mini-fridge and flat-screen TV

The apartments are equipped with a bed, microwave, mini-fridge, flat screen and private bathroom. The shipping containers were refurbished by Crate, a California company.

To help mitigate the spread of the coronavirus, and to help increase the residents' autonomy, all units at the complex have their own heating and ventilation systems.

Each apartment also includes a sink and shower

The facility opened in April 2021 and reached full occupancy the following month.

According to the website for Hilda Solis, the project cost $57 million (£41.4 million), of which $51 million (£37 million) came from the federal government's Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act. The remainder was covered by the local government.

Orange and yellow brighten the walls of the shipping containers, while white is used across the rest of the complex

Other buildings for LA's homeless population include The Six building by Brooks + Scarpa, which offers low-cost, permanent housing for the homeless and disabled veterans, and LOHA's MLK1101 project, which was named housing project of the year in the 2019 Dezeen Awards.

The photography is by Dan Ursitti.

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